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Robert Henri BiographyAmerican Ashcan School painter Teacher of: George Wesley Bellows (1882-1925), Edward Hopper (1882-1967), Rockwell Kent (1882-1971). |
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Robert Henri was born Robert Henry Cozad in
Cincinnati, in 1865, the son of a
professional gambler and businessman. In
1881 Robert Henri accompanied his family to Denver.
When his father was indicted for
manslaughter a year later the Cozads changed
their name and fled to Atlantic City, New
Jersey. In 1886 Robert Henri artist enrolled at the
Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Art, where
he studied under
Thomas Anshutz,
Thomas Hovenden,
and James B. Kelly.
Robert Henri made regular trips to
Paris where he was particularly influenced
by
Edouard Manet,
Frans Hals,
and
Diego Velázquez.
In 1899, one year after his marriage to
Linda Craige, one of Robert Henri paintings was
purchased for the Musée National du Luxembourg. |
In 1898 Henri married and went to Paris for his honeymoon. His compositions from this trip were a series of broadly painted figures that stood in contrast to simple silhouettes, and scenes in which shadow and light figured prominently. While these Robert Henri paintings were rejected by the progressive Salon des Indépendants, the French government purchased one of them, Snow in 1899.
His friends’ excitement at finally having one of their own officiate such an exhibit was soon crushed when he discovered that Robert Henri artist had no meaningful say in the evaluation process. The jury gave two of own Robert Henri paintings a number two rating, meaning they were not to be hung on eye level, but either above or below. He was furious and quickly withdrew his canvases from the show. |
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Robert Henri painter and his students took to wandering the streets looking for subjects and turned their sights on the city’s new immigrants. They filled their canvases with scenes of Coney Island, Union Square, and the Bowery. Robert Henri painted the rivers in and around New York City and painted them in bleakest winter. For Henri, the New York skyline, with its looming buildings and steel bridges, symbolized the energy of the city. Others labeled the creators of these Robert Henri paintings the Ash Can School for their gritty imagery. |
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Later Life In his later years Robert Henri artist continued to teach and to rebel against the boundaries between official and nonofficial art. Robert Henri wrote a book, The Art Spirit in 1923. The painter continued to inspire students by demanding innovation in subject matter. Henri died in New York City on July 12, 1929. |
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