Nicolas Poussin Paintings

Nicolas Poussin Paintings for Sale

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Biography of Nicolas Poussin

French Baroque artist
born 1594 - died 1665
Was often spelled as Nicholas Poussin, Nicola Poussin.

POUSSIN, NICOLAS (1594—1665), French painter, was born at Les Andelys (Eure) in June 1594. Early sketches attracted the notice of Quentin Varin, a local painter, whose pupil Poussin became, till the artist went to Paris, where he entered the studio of Ferdinand Elle, a Fleming, and then of the Lorrainer L’Allemand.

He found French art in a stage of transition: the old apprenticeship system was disturbed, and the academical schools destined to supplant it were not yet established; but, having met Courtois the mathematician, Poussin was fired by the study of his collection of engravings after Italian masters.

Louis XIII. conferred on him the title of “first painter in ordinary,” and in two years at Paris Nicola Poussin produced several paintings for the royal chapels (the Last Supper, painted for Versailles, now in the Louvre) and eight cartoons for the Gobelins, the series of the Labours of Hercules for the Louvre, the Triumph of Truth for Cardinal Richelieu, and much minor painting.

In 1643, disgusted by the intrigues of Simon Vouet, Feuquiêres and the architect Lemercier, Nicolas Poussin withdrew to Rome. There, in 1648, the painter finished for De Chanteloup the second series of the Seven Sacraments (Bridgewater Gallery), and also the noble Poussin landscape with Diogenes throwing away his Scoop (Louvre); in 1649 he painted the Vision of St Paul (Louvre) for the comic poet Scarron, and in 1651 the Holy Family (Louvre) for the duke of Créqui. Year by year he continued to produce an enormous variety of Nicolas Poussin art, many of which are included in the list given by Félibien.

Nicolas Poussin died on the i9th of November 1665 and was buried in the church of St Lawrence in Lucina, his wife having predeceased him.

The finest collection of Nicolas Poussin paintings as well as of drawings is possessed by the Louvre; but, besides the pictures in the National Gallery and at Dulwich, England possesses several of most considerable Nicolas Poussin artworks: The Triumph of Pan is at Baisildon (Berkshire), and his great allegorical painting of the Art at Knowsley. At Rome, in the Colonna and Valentini Palaces, are notable paintings by Nicolas Poussin, and one of the private apartments of Prince Doria is decorated by a great series of landscapes in distemper.

Throughout his life Nicholas Poussin stood aloof from the popular movement of his native school. French art in his day was purely decorative, but in Nicolas Poussin we find a survival of the impulses of the Renaissance coupled with conscious reference - to classic work as the standard of excellence. In general we see Nicolas Poussin painting at a great disadvantage, for the color, even of the best preserved, has changed in parts, so that the keeping is disturbed; and the noble construction of his designs can be better seen in engravings than in the original. Amongst the many who have reproduced Nicolas Poussin paintings Audran, Claudine Stella, Picart and Pesne are the most successful.

Poussin left no children, but the artist adopted as his son Gaspar Dughet (Gasparo Duche), his wife’s brother, who took the name of Poussin. GASPAR POUSSIN (1613—1675) devoted himself to landscape painting and rendered admirably the severer beauties of the Roman Campagna; a noteworthy series of Nicolas Poussin paintings in tempera representing various sites near Rome is to be seen in the Colonna Palace; but one of his finest easel-pictures, the Sacrifice of Abraham, formerly the property of the Colonna, is now, with other Nicolas Poussin art, in the National Gallery, London. The frescoes executed by Gaspar Poussin in S. Martino di Monti are in a bad state of preservation. The Louvre does not possess a single work by his hand. Gaspar died at Rome on the 27th of May 1675.