Gustave Courbet Paintings

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Biography of Gustave Courbet

French Realist painter and designer
born 10 June 1819 - died 31 December 1877
Born in: Ornans (Doubs, Franche-Comté, France).
Died in: La Tour-de-Peilz (Vaud, Switzerland)

Also known as: Jean-Desire-Gustave Courbet.
Student of: Antoine-Jean Gros (1771-1835).
Teacher of: Henri Fantin-Latour (1836-1904), Hector Hanoteau (1823-1890), Olaf Isaachsen (1835-1893) from 1861 to 1862.
Friend of: Henri Fantin-Latour (1836-1904)

COURBET, GUSTAVE (1819-1877), French painter, was born at Ornans (Doubs) on the 10th of June 1819. Courbet went to Paris in 1839, and worked at the studio of Steuben and Hesse; but his independent spirit did not allow him to remain there long, as the artist preferred to work out his own way by the study of Spanish, Flemish and French painters. The first Gustave Courbet paintings, an Odalisque, suggested by Victor Hugo, and a Llia, illustrating George Sand, were literary subjects; but these Gustave Courbet soon abandoned for the study of real life.

Among other Gustave Courbet paintings he painted his own portrait with his dog, and The Man with a Pipe, both of which were rejected by the jury of the Salon; but the younger school of critics, the neo-romantics and realists, loudly sang the praises of Courbet, who by 1849 began to be famous, producing such Gustave Courbet art as After Dinner at Ornans and The Valley of the Loire. The Salon of 1850 found him triumphant with the Burial at Ornans, the Stone Breakers and the Peasants of Flazey. His style still gained in individuality, as in Gustave Courbet paintings Titles such as Village Damsels (1852), the Wrestlers, Bathers, and A Girl Spinning (1852). Gustave Courbet painting realism is not devoid of importance, it is as his paintings landscape and sea painter that Courbet will be most honoured by posterity.

Sometimes, it must be owned, Gustave Courbet painting realism is rather coarse and brutal, but when he paints the forests of Franche-Comt, the Stag-Fight, The Wave, or the Haunt of the Does. [...] When Courbet had made a name as an artist Gustave grew ambitious of other glory; he tried to promote democratic and social science, and under the Empire Gustave Courbet wrote essays and dissertations.

His refusal of the cross of the Legion of Honour, offered to him by Napoleon III, made him immensely popular, and in 1871 Gustave artist was elected, under the Commune, to the chamber. Thus it happened that he was responsible for the destruction of the Vendme column. A council of war, before which he was tried, condemned him to pay the cost of restoring the column, 300,000 francs (£12,000). To escape the necessity of working to the end of his days at the orders of the State in order to pay this sum, Courbet went to Switzerland in 1873, and died at La Tour du Peilz, on the 31st of December 1877, of a disease of the liver aggravated by intemperance. An exhibition of Gustave Courbet paintings was held in 1882 at the cole des Beaux-Arts.