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Biography of Gustave Caillebotteb. Aug. 19, 1848, d. Feb. 21, 1894French painter and a generous patron of the impressionists Rue de Paris, temps de pluie; Intersection de la Rue de Turin et de la Rue de Moscou 1877 (100 Kb); Gustave Caillebotte Paris: A Rainy Day depicts an area of the Batignolles quarter. Oil on canvas, 212.2 x 276.2 cm (83 1/2 x 108 3/4"); The Art Institute of Chicago; part of the Charles H and Mary F.s. Worcester Fund his own paintings, until recently, were neglected. |
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Caillebotte painted many domestic and familial scenes, interiors, and portraits. Many of Gustave Caillebotte paintings depict members of his family; Young Man at The Window (Jeune Homme à la fenêtre) (1875) shows René in the home on rue de Miromesnil; The Orange Trees (Les orangers) (1878), depicts Martial Jr. and his cousin Zoë in the garden of the family property at Yerres; and Portraits in the Country (Portraits à la campagne) (1875) includes Caillebotte's mother along with his aunt, cousin, and a family friend. There are scenes of dining, card playing, piano playing, reading and sewing all executed in an intimate, unobtrusive manner which observes the quiet ritual of upper-class indoor life. |
Gustave Caillebotte was an engineer by profession, but also attended the Ecole des Beaux-Arts in Paris. He met Edgar Degas, Claude Monet, and Pierre Auguste Renoir in 1874 and helped organize the first impressionist exhibition in Paris that same year. He participated in later shows and painted some 500 Gustave Caillebotte paintings in a more realistic style than that of his friends. |
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Caillebotte's still life paintings focus primarily on food, some at table ready to be eaten and some ready to be purchased, as in a series of paintings he made of meat at a butcher shop. He also produced some floral still life paintings, particularly in the 1890s. Rounding out his subject matter, the Impressionist painted a few nudes, most notably Nude on a Couch (1882), which, though provocative in its realism, is ambivalent in its mood — neither overtly erotic nor suggestive of mythology — themes common to many female nude paintings of that era. |
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The most intriguing Gustave Caillebotte art are those of the broad, new Parisian boulevards. The boulevards were painted from high vantage
points and were populated with elegantly clad figures strolling with the expressionless intensity of somnambulists,
as in Boulevard Vu d'en Haut (1880; private collection, Paris). The superb collection of impressionist Gustave Caillebotte paintings was
left to the French government on his death. With considerable reluctance the government accepted part of the collection. Caillebotte's artist career slowed dramatically in the early 1890s, when he stopped making large canvases. Caillebotte died of pulmonary congestion while working in his garden at Petit-Gennevilliers in 1894 at age 45, and was interred at Père Lachaise Cemetery in Paris. |